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Buying a used car requires careful research, inspection, and planning. Key steps include setting a realistic budget (including taxes, registration, insurance, and maintenance), researching reliable models using trusted resources such as Kelley Blue Book, and obtaining a vehicle history report (CARFAX or AutoCheck). Always take a thorough test drive and have a trusted mechanic perform a pre-purchase inspection.
Buying a Used Car from a Dealer
Buying a used car, truck, or SUV today requires careful research, setting a budget, and reviewing consumer resources to determine the reliability of the vehicle you plan to purchase. It is strongly recommended that you establish a firm budget based on your financial situation, monthly income, and how you intend to use the vehicle.
For example, if your goal is to transport a sports team or a large family, a compact car may not be the best option. At the same time, you should consider whether upgrading to a reliable van or SUV fits comfortably within your budget. These questions should be answered before visiting the dealership.
For example, if your goal is to transport a sports team or a large family, a compact car may not be the best option. At the same time, you should consider whether upgrading to a reliable van or SUV fits comfortably within your budget. These questions should be answered before visiting the dealership.
*Whether you’re 16 or 80, buying a used car can be an exciting experience. However, it is also a significant financial commitment. Some industry reports estimate that the average price of a used vehicle is close to $28,000. The more informed you are before visiting a dealership, the more confident you will feel when you drive away.
For example, dealers are required to display a Buyer’s Guide on every used vehicle. You are also entitled to receive a Buyer’s Guide if you purchase a used car online. The Guide explains whether the vehicle includes a warranty or is being sold “as is.” You should also obtain a vehicle history report and understand your options for independent inspections, financing, and resolving potential issues after the sale.
For example, dealers are required to display a Buyer’s Guide on every used vehicle. You are also entitled to receive a Buyer’s Guide if you purchase a used car online. The Guide explains whether the vehicle includes a warranty or is being sold “as is.” You should also obtain a vehicle history report and understand your options for independent inspections, financing, and resolving potential issues after the sale.
Source: *
https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/buying-used-car-dealer
https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/buying-used-car-dealer
Obtain a Vehicle History Report
One of the best ways to evaluate a used vehicle is to request that the dealer provide a Vehicle History Report based on the VIN (Vehicle Identification Number). This report typically includes important details such as:
- Ownership History
- Locations where the vehicle was previously registered
- Reported maintenance records
- Reported accidents, including severity
- Reported damage
- Theft records
- Repossession history
- Auction sales history
Vehicle Mileage Relative to Age
The average vehicle in the United States is driven approximately 12,000 to 15,000 miles per year. Vehicles previously used in rental fleets often have higher-than-average mileage.
If you find a vehicle with lower-than-average mileage, that can be a positive sign — especially if it is a one-owner vehicle with documented maintenance records. The downside is that vehicles in this condition often command a higher purchase price.
If you find a vehicle with lower-than-average mileage, that can be a positive sign — especially if it is a one-owner vehicle with documented maintenance records. The downside is that vehicles in this condition often command a higher purchase price.
Vehicle Ratings and Rankings
A smart buyer should consult trusted sources to evaluate the reliability of the vehicle they are considering. Some vehicle history reports include general reliability ratings. In addition, several consumer websites publish reliability rankings and owner reviews.
It is advisable to consult more than one source, as opinions and methodologies may vary. The more information you gather before visiting a dealership, the better prepared you will be to make an informed decision.
It is advisable to consult more than one source, as opinions and methodologies may vary. The more information you gather before visiting a dealership, the better prepared you will be to make an informed decision.
Vehicle Features and Options
Identify the features and options that are essential for your needs. Do you need extra seating for children? Do you require cargo space for work or travel? If so, an SUV or van may be appropriate. If fuel efficiency is your priority, you may want to consider a midsize sedan, hybrid, or electric vehicle.
Once your research leads you to a specific make and model, check local dealerships for certified pre-owned (CPO) options. Certified vehicles typically undergo more rigorous inspections than standard used vehicles and often include a manufacturer-backed warranty that is valid nationwide.
Once your research leads you to a specific make and model, check local dealerships for certified pre-owned (CPO) options. Certified vehicles typically undergo more rigorous inspections than standard used vehicles and often include a manufacturer-backed warranty that is valid nationwide.
Mechanical and Cosmetic Issues
After you find a vehicle that meets your criteria, consider having an independent mechanic or professional inspection service conduct a thorough evaluation. A trained mechanic can inspect brake components, scan for diagnostic trouble codes, and assess mechanical systems that may not be obvious during a basic lot inspection.
Although this type of inspection involves a cost, it can prevent expensive repairs later.
If you choose to inspect the vehicle yourself, look for the following:
Although this type of inspection involves a cost, it can prevent expensive repairs later.
If you choose to inspect the vehicle yourself, look for the following:
- Check body panels for uneven gaps between the hood, fenders, doors, and quarter panels, which may indicate prior repairs.
- Inspect the glass for chips or cracks, particularly the windshield.
- Examine the tires for uneven wear.
- Check for rust in the wheel wells and undercarriage.
- Look for excessive soot or residue around the exhaust outlet.
- Make sure the doors open and close easily with no issue.
- Inspect under the hood for oil, coolant, or other fluid leaks.
- Squeeze hoses to check for brittleness.
- Look for cracks in belts and ensure the serpentine belt shows no missing teeth.
- Start the engine and let it run for several minutes while checking for leaks.
- Inspect the battery terminals for corrosion and proper maintenance.
Keep in mind that many dealers detail vehicles before offering them for sale, including cleaning the engine compartment. A clean engine bay does not guarantee the absence of issues.
Test Drive the Vehicle
The test drive is a critical step in the buying process. During the drive:
- Listen for unusual noises, such as brake squealing or grinding.
- Pay attention to transmission hesitation, whining, or clunking during shifts.
- Notice any musty odors, which could indicate prior water damage or a leaking seal.
- Test the air conditioning system to ensure it blows cold air.
- Check all electronics, including power windows, headlights, brake lights, dome lights, and dashboard indicators.
- Confirm that all warning lights illuminate briefly when the vehicle starts and then turn off appropriately.
Final Review Before Purchase
If the vehicle meets your expectations after inspection and test drive, the next step is negotiating the price. Most used vehicles may have minor issues that you can request the dealer address before delivery.
Carefully read the Buyer’s Guide. It will state whether the vehicle is sold “as is” or includes a warranty. If the vehicle is sold “as is” or carries only a limited powertrain warranty, you should request that any known defects be addressed before finalizing the purchase.
It is also a good idea to request a copy of the dealer’s used car inspection report. This document should outline what the dealership inspected, what repairs were completed, and what items, if any, were not repaired.
Carefully read the Buyer’s Guide. It will state whether the vehicle is sold “as is” or includes a warranty. If the vehicle is sold “as is” or carries only a limited powertrain warranty, you should request that any known defects be addressed before finalizing the purchase.
It is also a good idea to request a copy of the dealer’s used car inspection report. This document should outline what the dealership inspected, what repairs were completed, and what items, if any, were not repaired.
Understand the Vehicle’s Condition
Ultimately, it is the buyer’s responsibility to verify that the vehicle’s condition matches the dealer’s description. If you take delivery of a vehicle with an undisclosed issue, you may be responsible for the repair costs.
Take your time, ask detailed questions, and ensure you fully understand the condition of the vehicle before completing the purchase.
Take your time, ask detailed questions, and ensure you fully understand the condition of the vehicle before completing the purchase.